Analysis Of My Family Honor By Sarah H Davis - 1020 Words

The scenario that I chose is â€Å"My Family Honor† by Sarah H Davis. The players involved in the scenario are Sarah H. Davis, the landlady Letizia, Sarah’s son Jackson and her husband David. The scenario is about Sarah who is an anthropologist and is fascinated about going to Corsica. She brings her son and her husband with her to do researcher about the culture in France. In Corsica she lives with the landlady Letizia and right away Sarah and she have a problem because of cultures values. The characteristic of their culture problem involves: Uncertainty avoidance, low context vs high context individualism vs collectivist and time. The problem occurs because Letizia is upset about at Sarah for not cleaning the house. Sarah could have avoided†¦show more content†¦Letizia tells Sarah that she is supposed to clean the house. France is a high context country because the people do not like to tell others what to do. Sarah, showing low context, she expects Letizia to tell her what she supposes to do. In Minor and Lowell articles refers to â€Å"A written agreement can be taken at face value in a low-context culture. A contract, for example, means exactly what it says, no more and no less than that. A contract is considered the final product of negotiations, not the starting point.† In other words, when you have a contract you are expected to know what to do. In the scenario, Sarah is from American and she follows her culture at Letizia house. Sarah expects Letizia to tell her what she must do in the house, but Letizia did not tell her, so the problem arose. Americans expect others to tell them what to do. In the scenario the characteristic of time culture value is used as the part of the problem. Time culture value contains two types: monochronic time and polychronic time. Monochronic time refers to people who only do what thing at the time. Polychronic time refers to people who believes that time e flies and they like to take it easy and relax. In the scenario, Sarah uses the time culture value when she told Letizia that she will be happy to help her start cleaning but later. Sarah writes, â€Å"I told her I could come and would be happy to help, but I added, because Jackson was required to comeShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Lost Boys by James Garbarino A Review Free Essays

Through the ‘Lost Boys, by Dr. James Garbarino discusses the phenomenon of youth violence in America, with emphasis on understanding its causes as a major tool for dealing with the menace. This essay seeks to explore the main points and arguments pointed about in the book, ways in which society has failed in curbing the disorder, and what can be done to INTRODUCTION: A TYPICAL SCENARIO A 15-year African American Ken lived in the inner-city trouble zone of Los Angeles, with parents who are both poor and uncaring. We will write a custom essay sample on Lost Boys by James Garbarino: A Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now He grew up to protect himself, seeing the world as an unsafe place: He saw form his point of view, that life is unbearable and one must be aggressive to make your way through life, especially to possess the material things that mattered to him. He understood that he was not cared for by his parents, but seen as an outsider; he was detached. On many occasions when he was young, he had been abused by his father, bullied seriously at school and for that he developed an aggressive approach to living as he grew up. He also hated his father for his violent activities and unwholesome behavior of drinking and smoking. At his age, he got hooked up in a gang of five boys who called themselves ‘Fox Army’. Because of his dedication to these gang activities, his performance at school dwindled. For this, his father expresses serious harsh words on him, telling him he would never be anything good in life. In the whole of this picture stood a fearful mother who was always quiet and strictly aligned to the father’s opinion. Ken wondered on several occasions why he and his siblings were treated as such. He was ashamed of himself and his family. Having being threatened by his violent father with guns on several occasions, he felt the gun was a tool to silence enemies. In the gang, they all seem to share the same experiences of parental neglect and abuse, depression and confusion about the essence of living. They never felt any emotions nor did they perceive anything positive about schooling, family and other things around them. They share same schema of life: fight to protect yourself, enemies are out there in the world planning to eliminate you. The faster of us win to survive and see the light of another day. To see another to get others, use illegal means to make money and acquire material possessions in an attempt to use such things to eliminate the deep-seated feelings of worthlessness and shame. They were eager to make money by all means; so, they got into illegal drug sales. They also started smoking and drinking, adventures they felt would relieve them of the burden they carried. In no time, they had access to the guns of their parents for protection. Even with these, Ken did not make as much money as his friends. He got really frustrated and distressed because he needed the money to add up to that he got from his parents to stay in school. He woke up one morning by hammering slaps of his violent father who accused him of theft. He was guilty of the offence; yet, he denied it. His father started threatening hi with guns again. He left his bedroom and headed to the sitting where he kept his gun: he reached for it, and with it, killed his parents. In this vexation, he started saying all sorts of things like: ‘Fox soldier, go for the bait. Kill the enemy with sharpened teeth of the fox. Go and deal with the wicked world’ He kicked the main entrance door open and shot in the crowd of school children going early to school. He shot continuously, until he became so vexed and put the gun into his head, pulled the trigger and said, ‘it all ends here’. As the noise of the approaching cop intensifies, he pulled the trigger and shot himself. It was reported that five people died including Ken. The news was carried by a local newspaper. The only national daily that featured it described the teenager as ‘brutal’ and ‘horribly terrible’. And that was where it ended. Nobody wanted to know more. ‘WHAT IS NOT SEEN AT THE SCENE’ The main intention of the writer is to draw the attention of the Public to the menace of youth homicide with emphasis on understanding what is not seen at the scene, as a tool to stemming its tide. The scenario created above typifies the main point and arguments enunciated in the ‘Lost Boys’. The ideas launched in the text were based on statistical date from reliable sources, the experiences of those who have been affected in one way or the other by acts of youth violence and a ‘systematic’ approach to understanding what is not seen at the scene of the incident. He also drew ideas from the research and writings of other experts in the field to arrive at the following salient points: Youth violence is a major societal disorder that is quite extensive. However, it is obscured from its staggering reality by the national homicide picture which is reportedly stable. Lethal violence is common among the poor African-Americans and Hispanics, those who form the minority groups, with only few cases by Americans. These groups are concentrated in the inner city and suburbs of the South. As a result of those involved, the media and the general Public ignore ‘making sense’ of such crimes giving limited attention to it. This is claimed to be as a result of racism and class bias, as well as the perceived immunity Native Americans think they have. With the current tide of the menace sweeping to the abode of the ‘immunized’, he argues that no one is really immune. The current incidents recorded with new white faces awakened the Public to the reality of the issue: white teenagers are joining the train. With this pointed established, everyone sees a problem to be checked and it is easier to do. Having established that everyone is endangered, he seeks to lay a foundation for finding lasting solutions. First, he emphasizes the need to understand why the killers kill others and themselves. He believes that this would invariably be achieved by learning from the lives and experiences of those who have lived with it for the past two decades. Drawing form this point of strength where everyone’s attention is drawn, he shows that the accumulation of risk factors such as smoking, involvement in gang activity and illegal drug deals, access to guns, family history of violence, psychiatric disorders is central to the distorted behavior of killers.   He emphasizes that the causes of youth violence are complex and cannot be associated with a single factor. He notes that culprits are no animals but humans who have been strongly influenced by risk factors they grew with, and only live to bury their deep-seated shame by acts of violence; they are like Ken, who did not see any cogent reason for living. THE WAY OUT Having stated the reality of violence, the ‘Southern’ location of its prevalence because of prevailing factors and the lessons of the past, he then proposes ways of dealing with the violence: Both the individual and the community, are involved.   The individual needs proper parental care, protection, training and mentoring; these would help to build a strong self-image and create positive outlook to life. The home is the first community that is pertinent in building a good child: this should be stable, loving and full of positive affirmations for the growing child; necessary needs should also be met. The government has a major role to play; it should enact laws that reduce crime, promote community campaigns against violence and crime, provide funds for educational and health institutions. A credible and fair justice system must be on present. He particularly suggested a ‘Visiting Nurse Program’. He also emphasized good working relationships between professionals involved with the menace of youth violence. In conclusion, a society who fails to wake up to the roar of a wandering lion by getting hunters ready, should be prepared to dance to the music of the Vulture that would feast on their carcasses.    How to cite Lost Boys by James Garbarino: A Review, Essay examples

Stealing and Mrs Tilchers Class Carol Ann Duffy Essay Example For Students

Stealing and Mrs Tilchers Class Carol Ann Duffy Essay In the poems Stealing and Mrs Tilcher s Class Carol Ann Duffy tells us about life through different people s eyes. In both her poems she uses simple words and metaphors to express her views. Stealing shows us how boring life could be without friends. The observation here is that she motivates people against antisocial behavior. In Mrs Tilchers Class Carol Ann Duffy illustrates the difference stages of life in a child. ‘Stealing is a poem in the form of a persona. It depicts a lonely life without family and friends in which the thief finds different ways of stealing in order to amuse himself. He states Mostly I m so bored I could eat myself. He is so bored that he steals a snowman in order to make a friend. He finds out that his friend has many characteristics in common to him. His friend had a mind as cold as the slice of ice within my own brain. The poet has a conversational tone such as asking questions. We are hearing only part of the conversation. The poem is set on a cold chilly night. The poet is more cynical and formal when she is talking about the snowman. The phrase an idle mind is a devil s workshop is very applicable here since the thief has nothing to do, so to keep himself busy he breaks into people s homes. He has a rather ruthless philosophy of life that better of dead than giving in, not taking what you want. He steals not for money but for the pleasure. He tries to be part of families by collecting photographs of them, this is evidence of his loneliness. Carol Ann Duffy has used an irony of the thief hugging the snowman. Hugging is associated with warmth, here it is done to a snowman which would obviously be cold. There is another irony when she says that he s having a joyride when he s not having fun, he s just doing it for the sake of it. Mrs Tilcher s Class is a nostalgic poem. In this poem the poet tells us about growth in life. She shows this by using a kindergarten child who is developing and maturing while aging. The child experiences and learns many things during school life. The poet uses a tadpole as a metaphor for the child. As the tadpole grows up the child matures. The tadpoles changed from commas to exclamation marks. There is a sign of growing up when the child asks Mrs Tilcher how she was born to which she ignores. The child has knowledge of something, which other kids don t have and Mrs Tilcher doesn t want to reveal anything like that to the children at that time of their lives. The poet has used simple and child like words in her poem as she is describing a child s life. The poem is very ordered and repetitive like a nursery rhyme. She has also used metaphors such as a tangible alarm which means there is a sign of maturity and pubity in the child. She has also structured the poem well. We can see that in Mrs Tilcher s Class the stanzas become shorter and shorter this shows as people mature, time passes faster. Whereas in Stealing the length of each stanza is the same, here we can see that there was probably no change in the thief s life. He remained lonely and had no future. Duffy s poems show how exciting and boring life can be without a family. Life is a mystery when young and is exciting while maturing. Life can also make people go the wrong way when it becomes boring.

Kotak rtgs neft free essay sample

I/We declare that I/we am/are authorized to request the Kotak Mahindra Bank (herein after referred to as Bank) for RTGS/NEFT Facility and all the person authorized to operate the above mentioned accounts are also authorized, as per the present mode of operation, to present the RTGS/NEFT funds transfer application form to Bank. I/We undertake to keep Bank informed of any changes in the mode of operation of any of the above accounts. I/We hereby confirm that the Beneficiary Bank/ Branch participates in RTGS/NEFT. I/We hereby confirm the correctness of the details like beneficiary name, *account number, IFSC code of the beneficiary Bank Branch. I/We am/are aware that the Bank will get the valid discharge if the amount is credited to the beneficiary account number requested in RTGS/NEFT application and the Bank shall not assume any liability arising out of incorrect IFSC code, mismatch in the beneficiary name including but not limited to mismatch in the spelling. We will write a custom essay sample on Kotak rtgs neft or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I/We hereby confirm having read the term conditions pertaining to RTGS/NEFT facility on http://www.kotak.com/bank/terms-andconditions/terms_20.htm(hereinafter referred to as â€Å"Terms and conditions†) and agree that use of the RTGS/NEFT facility shall be subject to and be governed by the Terms Conditions I/We are aware of the fees and/or other charges which are currently to be levied by the Bank for providing access to or allowing the use of the RTGS/NEFT facility. I/We further undertake to keep ourselves aware of any revision made by Bank of the fees and/or other charges levied for providing access to or allowing the use of the RTGS/NEFT facility. I/We are aware that the same shall be notified to us by hosting the same on http://www.kotak.com/bank/terms-and-conditions/terms_20.htm

Case Study Evaluation and Analysis using Leadership Theories and Concepts The WritePass Journal

Case Study Evaluation and Analysis using Leadership Theories and Concepts Introduction Case Study Evaluation and Analysis using Leadership Theories and Concepts ). As argued by Hogg,Van Knippenberg and Rast (2012), how leaders in organisation’s delegated duties, make decisions and interact with other members either positively or negatively affects employee output and thus influences the attainment of the overall organisational objective. This paper presents an analysis of leadership at EEF, a membership organisation that is a counterpoint to the Trade Union movement and was founded with the aim of supporting employers in the United Kingdom. Among the key concepts addressed in this analysis are the key leadership theories can be applicable to this case and challenges encountered in the leadership process. The role of Leadership at EEF As an organisation that represents the interests of many employers around the United Kingdom, the leadership at EEF is obligated to ensure that it establishes the needs of its members and effectively addresses them. The role played by EEF’s leadership is exhibited by the fact that it addresses its members’ needs through providing them with advice, guidance and support that will enable them to efficiently and effectively manage their businesses. EEF’s leadership is also committed towards ensuring that the company is flexible enough to maintain its relevance in its service delivery by implementing the required changes. Some of the changes included the transformation of the company’s legal status from a federation to a limited company by guarantee in 2009 to ensure that that its status as a non-profit was protected. The other change that was implemented by the company’s leadership in the same year was converting it into a single integrated national ent ity from its original regionalised structure. This integration resulted into the appointment of another CEO who was expected to lead the company under its new banner of â€Å"One EEF†. All these changes were made by the company with the aim of addressing the  £7 million loss experience in 2009, which was the first it had ever experienced since it was founded. A regional team leader of the company’s sales team, Tom Jones, was also appointed to oversee the now consolidated team. These strategies that were implemented by the company’s top leadership to ensure that the company remains on track highlights one of the key roles of leadership in an organisation, which is decision making. Whereas the  £7 million loss that was suffered in 2009 might have highlighted flaws in the leadership of EEF that year, the immediate changes that were made show the commitment of the company’s leadership towards its good performance. Analysis of Tom Jones’ Leadership using Leadership Theories The Trait Theory of Leadership From the case, Jones was selected out of the other applicants who were originally in charge of the regional sales functions. Out of these was an applicant who had expected to be selected as the team leader because of his long-term experience with the company. The trait theory of leadership can be used in explaining this selection. According to the trait leadership theory, good leaders possess a variety of characteristics and personal traits that enable them execute their leadership responsibilities well. These include integrity, assertiveness, empathy, honesty, openness, likeability and decision making skills (Colbert et al., 2012). The applicant mentioned in the case who had served for long as the leader of a regional sales team could have possessed some of these traits, but not as many as Jones exhibited. Some of the traits exhibited by Jones – as highlighted in the case – included openness, honesty and good decision making skills. The Behavioural Theory This theory focuses the behaviour of leaders as they guide their followers towards attaining the overall organisational objective, and classifies leaders as democratic, autocratic or Laissez-faire (DeRue et al., 2011). Democratic leaders are characterised by the fact that they involve other team members in the decision making process. The suggestions that receive the most support from team members are adopted as final decisions. Whilst this approach is lauded for ensuring effective teamwork, it becomes challenging to reach a final decision when the suggestions provided are many and differ widely (Lussier Achua, 2012). Autocratic leadership involves making of decisions without any prior consultation or involvement of team members. This approach has been regarded as being ineffective for teamwork dynamics and team agreement. It is however considered ideal in situations where decisions need to be urgently made (Bhatti et al., 2012). The Laissez-faire approach to leadership is carried o ut by allowing other team members to make most of the decisions with minimal interference from the leader. This approach is mostly applicable when team members are highly skilled and capable of independently making good decisions. However, leaders who prefer this approach might at times be mistaken for being lazy (Lussier Achua, 2012). Jones’ leadership approach was characterised by openness, which contributed towards his adoption of a collaborative team building approach that involved sharing of information and ideas, which matches with the democratic approach. Jones also valued the experiences and ideas of other team members. By applying this leadership approach, the team was able to identify the major issues, which were later prioritised according to their urgency.   Transactional vs. Transformational Leadership Leadership can also be classified as either transactional or transformational. Transactional leadership is based on the assumption that individuals are motivated by punishment and reward. It also assumes that the best way in which social systems can work is through the establishment of a clear chain of command (Carter et al., 2013). According to Bono, Hooper and Yoon (2012), transactional leaders work by clearly setting structures or rules by which their followers are required to abide, as well as rewards to be expected when they are adhered to. Whilst they are not usually mentioned, formal discipline systems and punishments are also well understood by their followers (Carter et al., 2013). This is as opposed to transformational leadership where leaders develop constructive visions for the organisation, sell them to their followers, find the way forward on how to implement the vision and lead the implementation of the vision (Wright et al., 2012). The diagram below depicts the differ ences between Transactional and transformational leadership. Table 1: Transactional vs. Transformational leadership (Adopted from Lussier and Achua (2012) Jones’ involvement of the team at EEF, formulation of necessary changes to transform the company and offering both personal and professional support to his team to enable them achieve these changes matches with the transformation approach to leadership. Among the changes that were identified as necessary for EEF were the establishment of new geographical sales areas and their respective sales representatives, implementing the necessary forecasting and reporting processes, and ensuring that the existing CRM systems are upgraded so as to attain consistency in the measurement key performance indicators. Jones embarked on achieving these changes by leading the change in the organisational culture by encouraging team members to be more ‘corporate minded’ and committed to problem solving. He also embarked on building corporation and trust within the team he was leading. These characteristics of Jones’ leadership further verify his transformational leadership appr oach. Leadership challenges from the Case There are several challenges that can be identified from the provided case on EEF. One of these was the loss that was incurred in the 2009 financial year, which triggered the transformation of EEF’s overall structure. The changes that were implemented further triggered challenges that are typical to any change process in organisations. The first was ensuring that he addressed the feelings of the applicants who lost on their applications as team leaders and creating a formidable team. Given that they all held same regional position before, it can be concluded that their capabilities were almost the same. Therefore, the most effective approach that could be used by Jones in addressing this was involving them in decision making through a highly democratic leadership style (DeRue et al., 2011). By knowing that their opinions are valued by their leader, they will be motivated and committed towards attaining the desired organisational objective (Lussier Achua, 2012). The other challenge was in regards to the transformation of the organisation’s structure from being regionally based to a unit national structure. In order to attain this overall change, there are several change management models that could be used. One of these is the 8 step model of organisational change, which was proposed by Kotter (1996). It divides the whole change process into eight stages that are more manageable and all contribute towards the attainment of the desired outcome of change. These stages are explained in table 2 below. Whereas this approach to organisational change has been supported by a wide number of researchers, it has also received criticism. For instance, O’Keefe (2013) pointed out that the model assumes that change is a linear process and does not account for challenges or changes that might be encountered in the change process. Table 2: Kotter’s 8-stage model of organisational change (Kotter, 1996) Conclusion In conclusion, this paper has presented an in-depth analysis of leadership at EEF in regard to the changes implemented with the aim of recovering from its poor performance that was registered in 2009. In the analysis, leadership concepts and theories have been referred to and their applicability to the case has been explained. Among these are the trait and behavioural theories of leadership, transformational and transactional leadership models and Kotter’s 8 stage model of leadership. Even with the few mentioned challenges that were highlighted in the case, it has been shown that Tom Jones’ leadership approach was ideal for the EEF as it set out to implement the necessary changes in its functional and organisational structures. References Bhatti, N. et al. (2012) The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction. International Business Research, 5(2), pp.192-207. Bono, J.E., Hooper, A.C. Yoon, D.J. (2012) Impact of rater personality on transformational and transactional leadership ratings. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(1), pp.132-45. Carter, M.Z., Armenakis, A.A., Feild, H.S. Mossholder, K.W. (2013) Transformational leadership, relationship quality, and employee performance during continuous incremental organisational change. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 34(7), pp.942-58. Colbert, A.E., Judge, T.A., Choi, D. Wang, G. (2012) Assessing the trait theory of leadership using self and observer ratings of personality: The mediating role of contributions to group success. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(4), pp.670-85. DeRue, D.S., Nahrgang, J.D., Wellman, N.E.D. Humphrey, S.E. (2011) Trait and behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta†analytic test of their relative validity. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), pp.7-52. Hogg, M.A., Van Knippenberg, D. Rast, D.E. (2012) Intergroup leadership in organisations: Leading across group and organisational boundaries. Academy of Management Review, 37(2), pp.232-55. Kotter, J.P. (1996) Leading change. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press. Lussier, R. Achua, C. (2012) Leadership: Theory, application, skill development. Mason: Cengage Learning. O’Keefe, K. (2013) Where Kotter’s 8 Steps Gets it Wrong. [Online] Available at:   executiveboard.com/communications-blog/where-kotters-8-steps-gets-it-wrong   Ã‚  [Accessed 18 December 2014]. Wright, B.E., Moynihan, D.P. Pandey, S.K. (2012) Pulling the Levers: Transformational Leadership, Public Service, Motivation, and Mission Valence. Public Administration Review, 72(2), p.206–215.

Case Study of the Jewish Museum, Berlin

Case Study of the Jewish Museum, Berlin The Jewish Museum Berlin incorporates the social and cultural history of the Germany after World War 2 and aspired to correspond to the effects of the Holocaust on Jews in Germany. In his design, Libeskind claimed to combine three main concepts; the incapability to comprehend the historical agendas of Germany without the knowledge of the civilizational, academic and economic contribution that was made by the Jewish people in Berlin. Secondly he wanted to capture the bodily and spiritual journey in correlation to the experience of the Holocaust and its repercussions the society of Jews and finally he wanted to make amends by the acknowledgment, removal and the incorporation of voids, through which Berlin can move but this time with humanitarian existence. When the construction ended in 1999, the Director Michael Blumenthal declared that, â€Å"the chief aim of the museum will be to bring a sense of the richness of Jewish cultural life in Germany before the Holocaust† LIBESKIND S BOOK However, the Holocaust infuses the museum so strongly the museum has been called by reviewers and critics both â€Å"didactic† and â€Å"pedagogical† that the message is one for the present and, more importantly, for the future (BOOK MAKE UP). Because the context of the Holocaust remains such a strong thread in this space, it warrants examination as a unique addition to genres memorializing the Holocaust. Additionally, the museum’s triumph in its massive turnout rates particularly with young people, over the last decade calls for an analysis of its complexity of design and content to understand how the space performs to change the way we see things.WHY HE WON? For Libeskind, who was worn in Poland, a coupl of hundred Kilemoters from Berlin and whose family devastated during the Holocaust, the project presented a chance to reconnect to his past. Both of his parents were arrested by Soviet officials when the Red Army and upon their return home and have spen d some time in concentration camp. Upon their return they learned that 85 members of families had died at the hands of the Nazis. These experiences made Libeskind design extremely personal and in a sence biased. In an nterview to â€Å"Jewish Currents†, a Jewish on-line magazine that deals with activism, politics and art Libeskind explains his approach; â€Å"I would first point out that it’s not a project that I had to research in a library or study in the archives because it is part of my background, including my immediate background in every sense. My parents were Holocaust survivors and my uncle Nathan was one of the heroes of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. I myself grew up as a Jew in post war Poland under quite anti-Semitic circumstances. And I’ve lived in Israel and New York. Certainly that museum is speaking, both backwards and forwards, to many issues that are part of my Jewish sensibility†. Jewish Currents Just by observing the form of the structur e, already the sense of pragmatic effect is playing a large role. The building is recognisable by its gleaming zinc walls, asymmetrical shape of the zigzag form with daylight penetrating through asymmetric cuts suggestive of the vile stabs on Jewish presence in Germany.

Property ownership, oral evidence (parole) Assignment

Property ownership, oral evidence (parole) - Assignment Example However, in some cases verbal agreements may be considered as evidence. In instances where a written contract contains clerical or typographical errors, oral evidence may be presented after the written agreement since the written agreement in such a case does not show the true agreement made. Clerical errors may make alter the meaning of the contract or may omit critical details in the contract. In such occasions, the complainant may be allowed to present verbal contracts as evidence. The court may also consider the verbal contract in cases where one party entered into a contract under duress, mistake, fraud or undue influence. Contracts that are entered into under pressure force are considered as null and void and thereby giving room to presentation of verbal agreements. Verbal agreement may also be accepted after a contract if one of the parties proves to the court that there was a separate agreement made between the parties. In cases where a written contract is ambiguous, verbal a greement may be used in order to clarify the true meaning of the contract. The law of sales involves many written and oral agreements which contribute to determining a court’s decisions when the two parties cannot agree or are in a dispute. In cases regarding sale of property, the law allows the court to refer to prior, contemporaneous, and subsequent verbal agreements in order to supplement the written agreement or give better and detailed explanations of the written agreement (Klass, 2010). In property sales cases, the court examines factors such as course dealing, trade usage and proof of consistent additional terms. Paul’s property purchase should present a written agreement that shows that the house was sold together with carpet. If such terms  are not in the  written agreement, he should prove that they had verbally agreed that the carpet will be sold together with house. The company may also produce evidence that will show that in previous business transaction

Sickle cell disease Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sickle cell disease - Research Paper Example Red platelets with typical (hemoglobin-An) are smooth and adjust and skim through veins. In individuals with sickle cell infection, unusual hemoglobin atoms - hemoglobin S - stick to each other and structure long, pole like structures. These structures reason red platelets to get solid, accepting a sickle shape. Their shape causes these red platelets to heap up, bringing about blockages and harming key organs and tissues. Sickle cells are devastated quickly in the collections of individuals with the sickness, bringing on paleness. This paleness is the thing that gives the ailment its generally known name - sickle cell anemia (Bloom, 2011). The sickle cells likewise hinder the stream of blood through vessels, bringing about lung tissue harm that causes intense midsection syndrome, torment scenes, stroke and priapism (tormenting, delayed erection). It additionally causes harm to the spleen, kidneys and liver. The harm to the spleen makes patients - particularly adolescent youngsters - effectively overpowered by bacterial diseases. An infant conceived with sickle cell infection inherits a gene for the issue from both folks. At the point when both folks/parents have the hereditary imperfection, theres a 25 percent risk that every youngster will be conceived with sickle cell infection (Monroe, 2008). Most individuals with SCD have a solitary abscond on both duplicates of chromosome 11 that makes them process imperfect hemoglobin atoms, which tie together and structure long, rodlike structures (polymers) when not convey oxygen. This causes the red platelets to get unbending and deformed. While typical red platelets are malleable, smooth, plate molded, and live for pretty nearly 120 days in the circulation system, red platelets in SCD patients may have the state of a sickle, or sickle, and regularly make due for just about 10 to 20 days (Bloom, 2011). In view of the irregular cells truncated life

Pharmaceutical Drug Companies Essay Example for Free

Pharmaceutical Drug Companies Essay Pharmaceutical drug companies comprise the main driving force behind drug design, production and marketing. Pharmaceutical companies are very active in research, wherein they devote 80% of their funds for research and development and only 20% to sales of their drugs. The concentration of these companies in research and development has significantly expanded in the last two decades, resulting in the introduction of a large number of drugs to the public. It has been observed that the amount of funds spent on research and development is strongly correlated with the strength of a company’s drug sales. Potent novel drugs generally result in huge drug sales that can be utilized or recycled for further research and development. Other resources such as stock market investments have been determined to be inferior tools for financing of activities of pharmaceutical drug companies because supplementary expenses are always part of such joint ventures. Unfortunately, fluctuations in actual drug prices directly affect the activities for research and development of drug companies because more expensive drugs result in an increase in the amount of income that drug companies generate, and only a small portion of the income is needed for investment. The continuous research and development activities of pharmaceutical drug companies only slightly stimulate the speed of development of new drugs that will be introduced to the market. The main governing body that controls the endorsement of prescription drugs is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This administrative group is also responsible for establishing standards for regulation and advertisement of drugs to both potential consumers and medical practitioners. The FDA provides requirements that advertisements accurately explain all pertinent information of the drug and appropriately present the benefits and risks of using the drug. It is required that drug advertisements be submitted to the FDA as soon as these forms of media are released to the consumer public. These forms of media include any types of publications, flyer distributions and broadcast media, including radio and television advertisements. In the past 5 years, the amount of advertisements for pharmaceutical drugs has grown significantly. Consequently, the number of communications released by the FDA regarding regulation of drug advertising has also increased. These communications explain the dangers of presenting deceptive and confusing information regarding the pharmaceutical drug that a company is promoting. Should the FDA determine that a drug advertisement has misinformed the public, the advertising pharmaceutical company is asked to change the content of their advertisement, or else the entire advertisement will be removed from further exposure to the public. Currently, there are fewer pharmaceutical advertisements that have been advised to be modified or removed, suggesting the pharmaceutical drug companies have lately been following the FDA regulations cautiously and properly. Society has been increasingly procuring pharmaceutical drugs during the last ten years. Drug purchase comprises approximately 10% of health care expenses in the United States, and it has been estimated that almost 3% of the entire household expenses of elderly adults are spent towards buying medicines (Kreling et al. , 2001). Such amplification in the general drug expenses per household results from variations in the price of the pharmaceutical drugs and the frequency of usage of drugs. A higher frequency of drug usage, as also influenced by the amount of prescriptions given by a medical practitioner to a patient, plays one of the major influences on the general increase in drug expenses. An increase in general drug expenses in a household is also influenced by the increase in price of the particular drugs that the household routinely procures for medication and health maintenance. Another force that generates an increase in the household expenses for drugs involves the switching from previous medications to newer prescription drugs. Old medications are usually replaced by newer drugs because newer drugs tend to be more efficacious and potent that the old medication. Unfortunately, newer drugs are commonly more expensive. It has been estimated that there has been a 17% increase in the purchase of pharmaceutical drugs recently, wherein 6% of such increase was due to inflation in the price of the pharmaceutical drug, and another 6% was due the actual increase in price of the drug itself, and another 4% increase was influenced by the switch from an old prescription to a new medication (NIHCM, 2002). It has been determined that the consumption of pharmaceutical drugs has increased yearly for the last 10 years, mainly due to the aggressive advertising and promotion of pharmaceutical drugs by the corresponding drug companies to medical practitioners. In addition, the increased utilization of pharmaceutical drugs is also influenced by the number of elderly patients that are being prescribed multiple pharmaceutical drugs for treatment and maintenance. Among such drugs are those effective to management of blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar and depression. The increase in the price of pharmaceutical drugs provides a way for a pharmaceutical drug company to acquire resources to funds their activities in research and development. Hence, there is always a factor to consider when picking a pharmaceutical drug. A drug that is preferentially bought by the consumer public significantly raises more revenue for the pharmaceutical drug company, and in turn, the pharmaceutical drug company is thus encouraged to design and develop additional new drugs that the consumer public will appreciate in the same way as they did with the principal pharmaceutical drug. However, the price of a pharmaceutical drug does not automatically determine whether the consumer will purchase that particular drug. An example to this dilemma can be observed in certain pharmaceutical drugs that are sold at such a high price when bought through its brand name, but the same active ingredient or the generic form of the drug can also be bought at an affordable and cheaper price. A certain fraction of the consumer public will purchase generic drugs instead of brand-name drugs, mainly to decrease their average household expenses of medication. Unfortunately, there are certain drugs that are unavailable in its generic form, hence the consumer has no choice but to buy the brand-name drug, which is usually very expensive. A comparative research has determined that the efficacy of a brand-name medication is as good as its generic form (Liebermann, 2005). The employment of insurance companies has facilitated consumers in reducing the prices of pharmaceutical drugs, wherein the health insurance companies have indicated that specific drugs with reasonable prices will only be included in their formulary of prescription drugs. Health insurance companies have also adapted co-payment options which guide the consumer to procure cheaper yet effective drugs for their treatment. In addition, medical practitioners are also advised that they provide their patients with both brand and generic names of the prescription drugs they are handing out to their patients, so that the patients will have the freedom to choose which pharmaceutical drug they will buy from the pharmacy (Lanjouw and Cockburn, 2005).

Correlation between 8th grade mathematic CMT scores and mathematic CAPT

Correlation between 8th grade mathematic CMT scores and mathematic CAPT scores Introduction: Standardized testing, specifically â€Å"high-stakes testing†, has become a topic of debate for many years. â€Å"High-stakes testing† is associated with states that require successful performance on a standardized test for graduation, an â€Å"exit exam†. Is this the trend in public education? As an educator in Connecticut, should I expect â€Å"high-stakes testing† in the future? The State of Connecticut Legislature created a statue (Section 10-14n) that mandates statewide standardized testing for students in 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th grade. The tests assess performance tasks and a set of specific skills, which are aligned with the Connecticut Common Core of Learning and National Standards. Students are evaluated against that set of specific skills, not each other (Connecticut Mastery Test Program Overview 14). In 4th, 6th and 8th grade, students take the Connecticut Mastery Test (CMT) and the Connecticut Academic Performance Test (CAPT) is administered in 10th grade. The movement for standardized testing began in 1985 with the CMT and the testing trend continued with CAPT in 1994. The State of Connecticut touts the purposes of the tests are to monitor student progress, identify students for remediation, to promote accountability and equitability between/within school districts and to improve instruction/curriculum. Until 2001, the tests were not supposed to b e used as tool for promotion or graduation. In the 2001, school districts were mandated to create a specific set of criteria for graduation, with CAPT as one component but not the sole component (Connecticut Assessment Performance Test Overview 8). If the trend continues, Connecticut will have â€Å"... ...ment of Education. 2003. Connecticut Assessment Performance Test Program Overview. Dec. 2004 ct.us/public/der/s-t/testing/capt/2004_capt_program_overview.pdf>. Connecticut State Department of Education. 2003. Connecticut Mastery Test Program Overview. Dec. 2004 /s-t/testing/ cmt/cmt_program_overview_may_2004.pdf>. Connecticut State Department of Education. 2003. Strategic School Profile. Dec. 2004 . McMillan, James H. The Relationship Between Instructional ad Classroom Assessment Practices of Elementary Teachers and Student Scores on High-Stakes Test. Jan. 2003. Virginia Commonwealth University. Dec. 2004 storage_01/0000000b/80/28/04/d0.pdf>.

Secondary Students Performance in National Achievement Test

SAN PABLO COLLEGES GRADUATE SCHOOL SAN PABLO CITY Learning is a continuous process; like in much other discipline teaching requires also a tremendous task of upgrading the knowledge of a teacher. A teacher is the single authoritative figure in the classroom no one can tell where his/her influence stops. A teacher can create a learning atmosphere that is fun and conducive and at the same time create an atmosphere of tension and discrimination. On the note of Naturalism by Rousseau he stressed that man is basically good and that his environment makes him bad, with these aspect I firmly anchored my teaching life.I am a natural born naturalist and idealist who firmly believed that also the environment has a deep anchor on the promotion and progress of an individual. As a teacher, I always see to it that when I am teaching my line of discipline which is History I always give my students a pretest before introducing the topic so that I can assess the entry level they have. Teaching History is not easy because nowadays students can’t appreciate the value of one’s cultural identity thus, it is always have been a challenge for history teachers like me to sustain student’s interests in studying it.In this regard, even though the concluded seminar is basically â€Å"The Art of Science Teaching† I really learned a lot from it specially the resourcefulness on the part of the teacher as well as the connection of Science in many other disciplines. Consequently, nowadays we are living in the context of high technological advances and presently students demand for learning is high. Technology has been part and parcel of good education and that is presently the challenge teachers are facing the incorporation of technology into teaching specially that I am public school teacher.Resources are scarce, quality materials are too little, rooms are not conducive for learning, student teacher ratio is too large and many other. The linkages and resourcefulness of a teacher can be best harnessed nowadays specially if that teacher really wants to bring about positive changes on the part of his students. Dedication, commitment and passion for teaching should be always harnessed on the heart of teacher because I firmly believe that when these three core values are shared and trengthened within the humanity of a teacher no problem, no obstacles can’t be overcome. The last seminar is indeed an eye opener for every educators not only those of teaching sciences but all of us who were called to serve. The insights given by the speaker really made me realized that teaching is an art and also teaching requires prior knowledge strengthening the connection between you and your community, finding resources that best translate your learning objectives into tangible learning outcomes, and most importantly uplift the lives of students under your tutelage.As for my recommendation I am positively looking forward for another series of seminars that t he graduate school will offer. Because I firmly believed that teachers should always upgrade their learning background for their students as the famous adage connotes â€Å"You can’t give what you don’t have† Prepared and respectfully submitted by: Rowell P. Corcega

Neo Natal Death In Jamaica Health And Social Care Essay

Interviews and treatment groups will be held with female parents sampled from the major infirmaries located in Kingston. Participants will be twosomes who have experienced a perinatal loss within the last 6 old ages and the subsequent effects of this loss. Data will be coded thematically with specific mentions to country of abode, educational degree, ethnicity, phase of gestation loss and age. A Depression Inventory Scale will be a major instrument to help in finding the presence and degree of depression in some of these twosomes. Depending on the schemes that will be used to place sample countries and participants, the extent to which findings can be generalised may be limited. The survey will supply fresh penetrations into how adult females who have experienced perinatal loss would profit from intercessions to assist them through anxiety-filled gestations and trade with the stressors they may confront in life. Challenges or obstructions in this survey may include high rates of acco mpaniment amongst gestational age of loss and mental wellness before the loss, accompaniments of perinatal loss with other serious life hardships, age of oncoming, figure of populating kids and trouble in doing causal illations. Chapter 1: Introduction Background to the job Early gestation loss is a complicated psychological event that occurs in 12 % to 24 % of recognized gestations ( Carter D, Misri & A ; Tomfohr 2007 ) . This is non the same as Neonatal or perinatal loss. Perinatal includes early neonatal loss every bit good as spontaneous abortions. Neonatal losingss are those babes born alive and decease within a hebdomad ( early ) or 28 yearss ( late ) . Still births are those babes which are born dead that likely would hold survived ( Feasible ) normally gestational age over 24weeks ( some still say 28 hebdomads ) or birth weight of more than 500grams. If you include losingss before this period so this includes self-generated abortions which would include the early gestation losingss above. Many of these are non even recognised, but many will hold a similar consequence on the adult female as you have pointed out above. Harmonizing to Carter et.al ( 2007 ) , adult females who have experienced perinatal deceases frequently have common mourning reactions, and while for most adult females, the strength and experience of these reactions diminishes over clip, a significant minority of adult females will develop long term psychiatric effects. Depression, symptoms of anxiousness, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder are the most normally reported psychological reactions to miscarriage. Harmonizing to Hutti ( 2005 ) , this loss is besides associated with self-destruction and matrimonial struggle. Although research has indicated that perinatal loss can ensue in serious upsets of depression and anxiousness, it has been noted that some adult females display important sums of resiliency ( Carter et.al, 2007 ) . Carter farther stated that the positive side of this resiliency may change harmonizing to the individual, household construction and the relationship with the male parent. Preliminary scrutiny of this job by Neugebeaur and Sergievsky ( 2003 ) indicates that there is a higher degree of depressive symptoms among adult females who have experienced a perinatal loss than among adult females who have non been pregnant within recent times. ( make you mean to utilize these adult females as controls for your survey? ) They postulated that depressive symptoms were more likely to be seen in the 6-8 hebdomad period following the loss, than those who did non hold a recent period of loss. Although age was a noteworthy factor in this survey, the womenaa‚Â ¬a„?s matrimonial position, figure of kids, ethnicity and educational degree did non significantly affect the consequences. This supports the necessity for deciding this job by turn toing the possibility of mental instabilities every bit good as turn toing other factors such as clip, which may impact the loss. The experience of a neonatal decease can be viewed as one of the many factors associated with psychiatric upsets in adult females. The primary aim of this survey is to larn more about the extent of this association and the clip frame in which the adult females are affected. ( Is your instrument able to separate the difference between exogenic depression ( which is the normal bereavement procedure we all go through with the loss of a loved one ) versus endogenous depression which is the psychiatric unwellness that can be triggered by the loss? Research inquiry / aim Are depression and anxiousness typical in adult females who experience neonatal deceases in Jamaica? ( Depression and anxiousness are normal responses to loss ) . The inquiry should be about true Endogenous depression and important anxiousness ( psychiatric jobs ) . Sub-Topics 1 ) Nature of the experience of the neonatal loss experience: gestational age ; 2 ) Factors that may predispose them to psychological effects: poorness, old mental wellness, any other environmental stressor ; 3 ) Possible get bying mechanisms after neonatal loss experience: cognition of cause of decease, affect on future gestation ; 4 ) The prevalence and extent of depression/psychological and psychiatric upsets in adult females after miscarriage/pregnancy loss. Purpose of the Study This survey originated as a part to informed argument on mental wellness public policy issues and to border intercessions that will convey hope to adult females who are surrounded by the challenges of their loss while they reenter society. The accomplishments of this survey should be: ( 1 ) to test at least 30 twosomes ( pilot survey, chief survey 250/300 topics ( How did you cipher this sample size? You should happen out how prevailing these factors are in pregnant adult females without gestation loss and so find what figure you need to acquire a important addition in Numberss over the expected ) ( Wissart et al 2005 ) , who have experienced neonatal loss at primary degree of intercession. ( 2 ) To supply therapy for twosomes who are sing terrible psychological hurt due to a neonatal loss. ( 3 ) To raise consciousness of the possible behavioral and societal issues of male parents who are considered the soundless spouses in this type of loss. In add-on, the survey is being driven by my personal experiences of three neonatal deceases over seven old ages and the deficiency of available intercession at the clip of the events and my preferable and successful agencies of covering with this challenge. Are you certain you want to acquire so personal? I would go forth this out even if this is what is you chief motive. This is your personal info and is non truly needed to acquire the survey accepted ) Significance of the survey The societyaa‚Â ¬a„?s concern with wellness refers to both mental and physical wellness. This survey sets out to understand the effects of this loss and the attendant traumatic consequences. The extent to which this loss affects twosomes, and the information garnered from this research will supply extra information sing the ensuing mental upsets to medical practicians, counsellors and mental wellness professionals. This cognition can help to supply solutions for effectual intercession sing the mental, societal and economic development of the affected twosomes and their households. By deriving an penetration of the job, the apprehension of mental wellness of adult females and their spouses will be addressed, with the male parents being recognized as a participant in the event of the loss. In lending to the pool of cognition, there will be insight to assist beef up households, and obtain the cooperation, understanding and support of others. Boundary lines and restrictions of the survey The comparatively little sample size and the schemes used to try countries and participants will restrict the extent to which findings can be generalized. Therefore, the survey should be repeated on a larger graduated table, with countries and participants being indiscriminately sampled. The survey will non try to find which of the environmental stressors has caused the job. The survey will non try to find which of the variables causes a greater consequence on the adult females. Significance of the survey The societyaa‚Â ¬a„?s concern with wellness refers to both mental and physical wellness. This survey sets out to understand the effects of this loss and the attendant traumatic consequences. The extent to which this loss affects twosomes, and the information garnered from this research will supply extra information sing the ensuing mental upsets, to medical practicians, counsellors and other mental wellness professionals. This cognition can help to supply solutions for effectual intercession sing the mental, societal and economic development of the twosomes affected and their households. By deriving an penetration of the job, the apprehension of mental wellness of adult females and their spouses will be addressed, with the male parents being recognized as a participant in the event of the loss. In lending to the pool of cognition, there will be insight to assist beef up households, and obtain the cooperation, understanding and support of others. Boundary lines and restrictions of the survey The comparatively little size of the sampling and the schemes used to try countries and participants, will do the extent to which findings can be generalised to be limited. Therefore, the survey should be repeated on a larger graduated table, with countries and participants being indiscriminately sampled. The survey will non try to find which of the environmental stressors has caused the job. The survey will non try to find which of the variables causes a greater consequence on the adult females.

Sport Research Paper

Sport Research Paper Sport Research Paper Sport Research Paper: How to Write It Correctly? Are you a fan of a team or an athlete? I have to say the sport world is absolutely captivating thing. It is special emotions, when you support or empathize with your sporting favorites: the joy of win and the sorrow of defeat, the tears of euphoria and tears of soul pain, passion and aversion, fanaticism and sensible critical view on the results. The rational fanaticism stimulates people to learn the history of sport, think analytically and express the opinion argumentatively. Of course, this knowledge could be really useful during your study in the college. When you get the assignment to write a sport research paper, it would be absolutely easy to do this work correctly. I think every one should know how it works in reality. Sport Research Paper: Topic It would not be a surprise, if I say that almost the whole part of success depends on the works topic. There is a big specter of various sports research paper topics that relate to different events. It could be a research of some historical sporting development in the past, or, it could be absolutely urgent research of modern life. Anyway, it is good when your have the alternatives and you may choose the appropriate topic. Take the topic you are the most competent in. Sport Research Paper: Description It is important to follow the rules of working on a sport research paper:In the first stage of your work think up the correct thesis statement that reflects the main conception of the research and answers on the main question of the work; Start your description of the issue. Be logical, laconic and consecutive in your expression; Provide your sport research paper with strong facts and arguments. Probably, you may put the quotes of some authoritative sport coaches, pundits or important sport figures; Compare the opinions of other authors and your own thoughts; explain the differences and similarities between the ideas. Consider some real examples of sport activity that concern your topic.Sport Research Paper: ConclusionIn this part of the work you should to: conclude the main points of research paper; show the possible perspectives; show that your work is important and topical even nowadays. Anyway, do not neglect the chance to look through various informational sources that could give additional reliability to your sport research paper. As we can see, the sport life includes both a physical practice and the side of criticism and analysis.

Critically Review a journal article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Critically Review a journal article - Essay Example but also looks towards studying the practices being innovated by small time entrepreneurs and managers of such firms so as to allow them to grow internationally. In order to gather information about the related research, the authors of the article have mentioned that the evidence presented within it have been sourced from an extensive research project, which has focused on studying the internationalization of smaller firms engaged in the retail sector. the authors have further cited the deficiency of enough literature that could support their efforts, which has thus forced them to undertake the study along an exploratory pattern thereby allowing them to make the required interpretations based on a pre-conceived research paradigm. The research has made extensive use of data analysis techniques, wherein the inductive procedures used have led to in-depth and conclusive insights in addition to providing for an organized description of several SMEs that have found significance during various parts of the research. Further, several case scenarios have been used to allow the interpretation of patterns among companies, thus eliminating the occurrenc e of chance associations. The companies that were included in the study from the retail SME sector were selected on the basis of specific criteria that allowed for companies only with  £25 million to be taken into consideration. Further, such companies also had to have a minimum form of business operations outside the UK, where the external existence could be through any valid form of operations ranging from franchises to licensed outlets. In addition, companies that were in the early stage of operation were given due consideration thereby leading to the set of 17 such firms out of which 9 were studied extensively owing to their acceptance to participate in the research. The study has shown that there was a pattern between the management cum decision making to encourage and nourish international expansion. However, given the

Church and Baroque Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Church and Baroque Art - Essay Example Baroque is an artistic word commonly used in the 17th century describing the art movement, which occurred in the 15th and 16th century. Baroque artwork mainly focused on classism and romanticism. This style of artwork originated in Italy then moved to Europe during the period of protestant reformation and religious upheaval. At that time, money and power was common in Europe; thus, influencing baroque. These resources elaborated and created social standing of prominent luminaries in Europe. Baroque artist specialized in oil painting, sculpture, architecture and music. The main theme of the baroque period was Catholic Church because it supported, permitted and encouraged artistic works that depicted religious imagery. Before the religious upheaval of the 16th century spread across Western Europe, both music and art was common among the churches. However, religious upheaval of the 16th century had numerous impacts on the arts of the sixteenth and seventeenth century. This is because, d uring the Middle Ages, Christian art in Europe flourished. During the period, artworks dominated the churches making the popes to become the patrons of both art and architecture. After the 16th century religious upheaval, the Catholic popes continued to embrace art by encouraging most catholic churches around the world to imitate art forms. However, the protestant churches did not advocate for the cathedral buildings because they did not require huge structures for their simple religious purposes.